@article {pirie_taxonomic_2018,
	title = {A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species},
	journal = {PhytoKeys},
	volume = {112},
	year = {2018},
	pages = {1{\textendash}141},
	abstract = {We present a taxonomic revision of Cremastosperma, a genus of Neotropical Annonaceae occurring in lowland to premontane wet forest, mostly in areas surrounding the Andean mountain chain. We recognise 34 species, describing five as new here: from east of the Andes, C. brachypodum Pirie \&amp; Chatrou, sp. nov. and C. dolichopodum Pirie \&amp; Maas, sp. nov., endemic to Peru; C. confusum Pirie, sp. nov., from southern Peru and adjacent Bolivia and Brazil; and C. alticola Pirie \&amp; Chatrou, sp. nov., at higher elevations in northern Peru and Ecuador; and from west of the Andes, C. osicola Pirie \&amp; Chatrou, sp. nov. endemic to Costa Rica, the most northerly distributed species of the genus. We provide an identification key, document diagnostic characters and distributions and provide illustrations and extensive lists of specimens, also presenting the latter in the form of mapping data with embedded links to images available online. Of the 34 species, 22 are regional endemics. On the basis of the extent of occurrence and area of occupancy of species estimated from the distribution data, we designate IUCN threat categries for all species. Fourteen species proved to be endangered (EN) and a further one critically endangered (CR), reflecting their rarity and narrow known distributions.},
	issn = {1314-2003},
	doi = {10.3897/phytokeys.112.24897},
	url = {https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/24897/},
	author = {Pirie, Michael D. and Chatrou, Lars W. and Maas, Paul J. M.}
}
@article {4981,
	title = {Early evolutionary history of the flowering plant family Annonaceae: steady diversification and boreotropical geodispersal},
	journal = {Journal of BiogeographyJournal of Biogeography},
	volume = {38},
	number = {4},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {664-680},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	abstract = {Abstract Aim  Rain forest-restricted plant families show disjunct distributions between the three major tropical regions: South America, Africa and Asia. Explaining these disjunctions has become an important challenge in biogeography. The pantropical plant family Annonaceae is used to test hypotheses that might explain diversification and distribution patterns in tropical biota: the museum hypothesis (low extinction leading to steady accumulation of species); and dispersal between Africa and Asia via Indian rafting versus boreotropical geodispersal. Location  Tropics and boreotropics. Methods  Molecular age estimates were calculated using a Bayesian approach based on 83\% generic sampling representing all major lineages within the family, seven chloroplast markers and two fossil calibrations. An analysis of diversification was carried out, which included lineage-through-time (LTT) plots and the calculation of diversification rates for genera and major clades. Ancestral areas were reconstructed using a maximum likelihood approach that implements the dispersal{\textendash}extinction{\textendash}cladogenesis model. Results  The LTT plots indicated a constant overall rate of diversification with low extinction rates for the family during the first 80~Ma of its existence. The highest diversification rates were inferred for several young genera such as Desmopsis, Uvariopsis and Unonopsis. A boreotropical migration route was supported over Indian rafting as the best fitting hypothesis to explain present-day distribution patterns within the family. Main conclusions  Early diversification within Annonaceae fits the hypothesis of a museum model of tropical diversification, with an overall steady increase in lineages possibly due to low extinction rates. The present-day distribution of species within the two largest clades of Annonaceae is the result of two contrasting biogeographic histories. The {\textquoteleft}long-branch clade{\textquoteright} has been diversifying since the beginning of the Cenozoic and underwent numerous geodispersals via the boreotropics and several more recent long-distance dispersal events. In contrast, the {\textquoteleft}short-branch clade{\textquoteright} dispersed once into Asia via the boreotropics during the Early Miocene and further dispersal was limited.},
	keywords = {Biogeographic hypothesis testing, boreotropical hypothesis, diversification rates, Indian rafting, K/Pg boundary, LTT plots, molecular dating, museum model},
	isbn = {1365-2699},
	author = {Couvreur, Thomas L. P. and Pirie, Michael D. and Chatrou, Lars W. and Saunders, Richard M. K. and Su, Yvonne C. F. and Richardson, James E. and Erkens, Roy H. J.}
}
@article {4957,
	title = {A new subfamilial and tribal classification of the pantropical flowering plant family Annonaceae informed by molecular phylogenetics},
	journal = {Botanical Journal of the Linnean SocietyBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society},
	volume = {169},
	number = {1},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {5-40},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	abstract = {The pantropical flowering plant family Annonaceae is the most species-rich family of Magnoliales. Despite long-standing interest in the systematics of Annonaceae, no authoritative classification has yet been published in the light of recent molecular phylogenetic analyses. Here, using the largest, most representative, molecular dataset compiled on Annonaceae to date, we present, for the first time, a robust family-wide phylogenetic tree and subsequent classification. We used a supermatrix of up to eight plastid markers sequenced from 193 ingroup and seven outgroup species. Some of the relationships at lower taxonomic levels are poorly resolved, but deeper nodes generally receive high support. Annonaceae comprises four major clades, which are here given the taxonomic rank of subfamily. The description of Annonoideae is amended, and three new subfamilies are described: Anaxagoreoideae, Ambavioideae and Malmeoideae. In Annonoideae, seven tribes are recognized, one of which, Duguetieae, is described as new. In Malmeoideae, seven tribes are recognized, six of which are newly described: Dendrokingstonieae, Fenerivieae, Maasieae, Malmeeae, Monocarpieae and Piptostigmateae. This new subfamilial and tribal classification is discussed against the background of previous classifications and characters to recognize subfamilies are reviewed.~{\textcopyright} 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 5{\textendash}40.},
	keywords = {plastid markers, subfamilies, supermatrix, tribes},
	isbn = {1095-8339},
	author = {Chatrou, Lars W. and Pirie, Michael D. and Erkens, Roy H. J. and Couvreur, Thomas L. P. and Neubig, Kurt M. and Abbott, J. Richard and Mols, Johan B. and Maas, Jan W. and Saunders, Richard M. K. and Chase, Mark W.}
}
