@article {5533,
	title = {The diversity and evolution of pollination systems in Annonaceae},
	journal = {Botanical Journal of the Linnean SocietyBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society},
	volume = {169},
	number = {1},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {222-244},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	abstract = {The pollination biology of Annonaceae has received considerable attention, with data now available for >~45\% of the genera (or genus-equivalent clades) included in recent molecular phylogenetic analyses. This provides a basis for understanding evolutionary shifts in the pollination system within the family. The present study focuses on subfamilies Anaxagoreoideae, Ambavioideae and Annonoideae, for which robust, well-resolved phylogenetic trees are available. Information is summarized on the pollination biology of individual clades and the evolutionary adaptations favouring different pollinator guilds evaluated. Although the majority of species of Annonaceae are pollinated by small beetles, five other pollinator groups are known: large beetles, thrips, flies, bees and cockroaches. Small-beetle pollination is inferred as the ancestral pollination system, with all other systems being derived. Evolutionary shifts to pollination by large beetles, thrips and flies are unlikely to have been significantly constrained by previous adaptations favouring pollination by small beetles, as many of the adaptations to these different pollinator guilds are similar (including protogyny, partially enclosed floral chambers and olfactory cues). In contrast, however, the evolutionary shift to bee pollination has presumably been constrained by both protogyny (as pollen-collecting bees are unlikely to visit pistillate-phase flowers) and the presence of floral chambers.~{\textcopyright} 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 222{\textendash}244.},
	keywords = {cantharophily, pollination ecology, reproductive biology},
	isbn = {1095-8339},
	author = {Saunders, Richard M. K.}
}
@article {5139,
	title = {How diverse are Annonaceae with regard to pollination?},
	journal = {Botanical Journal of the Linnean SocietyBotanical Journal of the Linnean Society},
	volume = {169},
	number = {1},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {245-261},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	abstract = {Studies during the last decades on representatives of Annonaceae have revealed their diversification with regard to pollination. Examples are given of species pollinated by beetles (cantharophily), which is the predominant mode of the majority of species worldwide, by small or large beetles (both groups having either diurnal or nocturnal flowers with or without thermogenesis), species pollinated by thrips (Thysanoptera), flies (myiophily and sapromyiophily), cockroaches and even bees (melittophily). Adaptational features of floral structures are compared with the behaviour of flower visitors, emphasizing floral rhythm, flower size, petal thickness, stamen structure and odour production. Anaxagorea, the earliest divergent surviving genus in Annonaceae, exhibits floral characters thought to be basal for the family: tissue-rich thick petals that form a pollination chamber; several Anaxagorea spp. exhibit thermogenesis, emit a fruit-like odour and attract small beetles as pollinators. As cantharophily is plesiomorphic in Anaxagorea and in Annonaceae, characters associated with beetle pollination appear imprinted in members of the whole family. Even non-cantharophilous species retain one or more characteristic features of beetle-pollinated species, such as thick petals, flattened and sclerified connective shields or protogynous dichogamy.~{\textcopyright} 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 245{\textendash}261.},
	keywords = {Anaxagorea, cantharophily, cockroaches, flower structures, melittophily, myiophily, sapromyiophily, thermogenesis, thrips},
	isbn = {1095-8339},
	author = {Gottsberger, Gerhard}
}
@article {668,
	title = {The diversity and evolution of pollination systems in Annonaceae},
	journal = {Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society},
	volume = {169},
	number = {1},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {222-244},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	abstract = {The pollination biology of Annonaceae has received considerable attention, with data now available for >~45\% of the genera (or genus-equivalent clades) included in recent molecular phylogenetic analyses. This provides a basis for understanding evolutionary shifts in the pollination system within the family. The present study focuses on subfamilies Anaxagoreoideae, Ambavioideae and Annonoideae, for which robust, well-resolved phylogenetic trees are available. Information is summarized on the pollination biology of individual clades and the evolutionary adaptations favouring different pollinator guilds evaluated. Although the majority of species of Annonaceae are pollinated by small beetles, five other pollinator groups are known: large beetles, thrips, flies, bees and cockroaches. Small-beetle pollination is inferred as the ancestral pollination system, with all other systems being derived. Evolutionary shifts to pollination by large beetles, thrips and flies are unlikely to have been significantly constrained by previous adaptations favouring pollination by small beetles, as many of the adaptations to these different pollinator guilds are similar (including protogyny, partially enclosed floral chambers and olfactory cues). In contrast, however, the evolutionary shift to bee pollination has presumably been constrained by both protogyny (as pollen-collecting bees are unlikely to visit pistillate-phase flowers) and the presence of floral chambers.~{\textcopyright} 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 222{\textendash}244.},
	keywords = {cantharophily, pollination ecology, reproductive biology},
	isbn = {1095-8339},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2011.01208.x},
	author = {Saunders, Richard M. K.}
}
@article {671,
	title = {How diverse are Annonaceae with regard to pollination?},
	journal = {Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society},
	volume = {169},
	number = {1},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {245-261},
	publisher = {Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
	abstract = {Studies during the last decades on representatives of Annonaceae have revealed their diversification with regard to pollination. Examples are given of species pollinated by beetles (cantharophily), which is the predominant mode of the majority of species worldwide, by small or large beetles (both groups having either diurnal or nocturnal flowers with or without thermogenesis), species pollinated by thrips (Thysanoptera), flies (myiophily and sapromyiophily), cockroaches and even bees (melittophily). Adaptational features of floral structures are compared with the behaviour of flower visitors, emphasizing floral rhythm, flower size, petal thickness, stamen structure and odour production. Anaxagorea, the earliest divergent surviving genus in Annonaceae, exhibits floral characters thought to be basal for the family: tissue-rich thick petals that form a pollination chamber; several Anaxagorea spp. exhibit thermogenesis, emit a fruit-like odour and attract small beetles as pollinators. As cantharophily is plesiomorphic in Anaxagorea and in Annonaceae, characters associated with beetle pollination appear imprinted in members of the whole family. Even non-cantharophilous species retain one or more characteristic features of beetle-pollinated species, such as thick petals, flattened and sclerified connective shields or protogynous dichogamy.~{\textcopyright} 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 245{\textendash}261.},
	keywords = {Anaxagorea, cantharophily, cockroaches, flower structures, melittophily, myiophily, sapromyiophily, thermogenesis, thrips},
	isbn = {1095-8339},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2011.01209.x},
	author = {Gottsberger, Gerhard}
}
