01914nas a2200241   4500008004100000022001400041245007400055210006900129260000800198300001200206490000800218520119900226653001201425100003001437700002301467700002301490700001901513700001801532700002201550700002301572700002801595856004901623       2018                        eng d  a1314-200300aTaxonomic revision of the African genus Greenwayodendron (Annonaceae)0 aTaxonomic revision of the African genus Greenwayodendron Annonac  cdec  a55–930 v1143 aGreenwayodendron (Annonaceae) is a tropical African genus of trees occurring mainly in rain forests. Until recently, Greenwayodendron contained only two species: Greenwayodendron oliveri from West Africa and Greenwayodendron suaveolens from Central and East Africa. Genetic data, using chloroplast haplotypes and nuclear microsatellites as well as morphometric analyses, provided important information on the delineation of species. Greenwayodendron now contains six species, including two new species (Greenwayodendron glabrum Lissambou, Hardy &amp; Couvreur, sp. nov. and Greenwayodendron littorale Lissambou, Dauby &amp; Couvreur, sp. nov.). Greenwayodendron suaveolens var. gabonica and Greenwayodendron suaveolens subsp. usambaricum are recognised as distinct species: Greenwayodendron gabonicum comb. nov. and Greenwayodendron usambaricum comb. nov., respectively. A key, detailed descriptions of morphology and geographic distributions, as well as notes on their ecology and uses are presented for all species. Preliminary conservation assessments following IUCN criteria are also provided. Two species are preliminarily identified as threatened, one as Endangered and one as Vulnerable.10aAFRODYN1 aLissambou, Brandet-Junior1 aHardy, Olivier, J.1 aAtteke, Christiane1 aStevart, Tariq1 aDauby, Gilles1 aMbatchi, Bertrand1 aSonke, Bonaventure1 aCouvreur, Thomas, L. P.  uhttps://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/27395/02134nas a2200181   4500008004100000022001400041245012900055210006900184300000900253490000600262520151500268100001401783700002301797700002201820700002801842700002701870856005501897       2017                        eng d  a2045-232200aA mega-phylogeny of the Annonaceae: taxonomic placement of five enigmatic genera and support for a new tribe, Phoenicantheae0 amegaphylogeny of the Annonaceae taxonomic placement of five enig  a73230 v73 aThe Annonaceae, the largest family in the early-divergent order Magnoliales, comprises 107 genera and c. 2,400 species. Previous molecular phylogenetic studies targeting different taxa have generated large quantities of partially overlapping DNA sequence data for many species, although a large-scale phylogeny based on the maximum number of representatives has never been reconstructed. We use a supermatrix of eight chloroplast markers (rbcL, matK, ndhF, psbA-trnH, trnL-F, atpB-rbcL, trnS-G and ycf1) to reconstruct the most comprehensive tree to date, including 705 species (29%) from 105 genera (98%). This provides novel insights into the relationships of five enigmatic genera (Bocagea, Boutiquea, Cardiopetalum, Duckeanthus and Phoenicanthus). Fifteen main clades are retrieved in subfamilies Annonoideae and Malmeoideae collectively, 14 of which correspond with currently recognised tribes. Phoenicanthus cannot be accommodated in any existing tribe, however: it is retrieved as sister to a clade comprising the tribes Dendrokingstonieae, Monocarpieae and Miliuseae, and we therefore validate a new tribe, Phoenicantheae. Our results provide strong support for many previously recognised groups, but also indicate non-monophyly of several genera (Desmopsis, Friesodielsia, Klarobelia, Oxandra, Piptostigma and Stenanona). The relationships of these non-monophyletic genera—and two other genera (Froesiodendron and Melodorum) not yet sampled—are discussed, with recommendations for future research.1 aGuo, Xing1 aTang, Chin, Cheung1 aThomas, Daniel, C1 aCouvreur, Thomas, L. P.1 aSaunders, Richard, M K  uhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-07252-202890nas a2200205   4500008004100000245010700041210006900148260001600217490000600233520212600239100002802365700002802393700002402421700001902445700002302464700002302487700002002510700002102530856013302551       2019                        eng d00aPhylogenomics of the Major Tropical Plant Family Annonaceae Using Targeted Enrichment of Nuclear Genes0 aPhylogenomics of the Major Tropical Plant Family Annonaceae Usin  cSep-01-20190 v93 a<p>Targeted enrichment and sequencing of hundreds of nuclear loci for phylogenetic reconstruction is becoming an important tool for plant systematics and evolution. Annonaceae is a major pantropical plant family with 109 genera and ca. 2450 species, occurring across all major and minor tropical forests of the world. Baits were designed by sequencing the transcriptomes of five species from two of the largest Annonaceae subfamilies. Orthologous loci were identified. The resulting baiting kit was used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships at two different levels using concatenated and gene tree approaches: a family wide Annonaceae analysis sampling 65 genera and a species level analysis of tribe Piptostigmateae sampling 29 species with multiple individuals per species. DNA extraction was undertaken mainly on silicagel dried leaves, with two samples from herbarium dried leaves. Our kit targets 469 exons (364,653 bp of sequence data), successfully capturing sequences from across Annonaceae. Silicagel dried and herbarium DNA worked equally well. We present for the first time a nuclear gene-based phylogenetic tree at the generic level based on 317 supercontigs. Results mainly confirm previous chloroplast based studies. However, several new relationships are found and discussed. We show significant differences in branch lengths between the two large subfamilies Annonoideae and Malmeoideae. A new tribe, Annickieae, is erected containing a single African genus Annickia. We also reconstructed a well resolved species-level phylogenetic tree of the Piptostigmteae tribe. Our baiting kit is useful for reconstructing well supported phylogenetic relationships within Annonaceae at different taxonomic levels. The nuclear genome is mainly concordant with plastome information with a few exceptions. Moreover, we find that substitution rate heterogeneity between the two subfamilies is also found within the nuclear compartment, and not just plastomes and ribosomal DNA as previously shown. Our results have implications for understanding the biogeography, molecular dating and evolution of Annonaceae.</p>
1 aCouvreur, Thomas, L. P.1 aHelmstetter, Andrew, J.1 aKoenen, Erik, J. M.1 aBethune, Kevin1 aBrandão, Rita, D.1 aLittle, Stefan, A.1 aSauquet, Hervé1 aErkens, Roy, H J  uhttps://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01941/fullhttps://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01941/full01501nas a2200133   4500008004100000245005900041210005700100260002300157300000900180490000700189520109500196100002801291856004801319       2014                        eng d00aRevision of the African genus Uvariastrum (Annonaceae)0 aRevision of the African genus Uvariastrum Annonaceae  bPensoft Publishers  a1-400 v333 a<p>The genus Uvariastrum (Annonaceae) is restricted to continental Africa and is characterized by sepals with folded margins, few carpels and numerous stamens. The genus is mainly found in the tropical lowland rain forests of Africa, with one species growing in a drier woodland habitat. The species name U. pynaertii De Wild is reduced into synonymy with U. zenkeri Engl. &amp; Diels. Uvaraistrum neglectum Paiva and U. modestum Diels are transferred to the genus Uvaria leading to two new combinations: Uvaria modesta (Diels) Couvreur, comb. nov. and Uvaria paivana Couvreur, nom. nov.. Five species are currently recognized in Uvariastrum. The present revision, the first of the genus for over 100 years, provides an overview of previously published information and discussions on morphology, taxonomy and palynology. Preliminary conservation status assessments are provided for each species, as well as diagnostic keys for fruiting and flowering material as well as detailed species descriptions. Furthermore, all species are illustrated by line drawings and all species are mapped.</p>1 aCouvreur, Thomas, L. P.  uhttps://annonaceae.myspecies.info/node/571502165nas a2200241   4500008004100000020001400041245010200055210006900157260002900226300001200255490000800267520138800275653002301663653001501686653002801701653003301729653002001762653002301782100002101805700002101826700002801847856004801875       2012                        eng d  a1095-833900aRadiations and key innovations in an early branching angiosperm lineage (Annonaceae; Magnoliales)0 aRadiations and key innovations in an early branching angiosperm   bBlackwell Publishing Ltd  a117-1340 v1693 aBiologists are fascinated by species-rich groups and have attempted to discover the causes for their abundant diversification. Comprehension of the causes and mechanisms underpinning radiations and detection of their frequency will contribute greatly to the understanding of the evolutionary origin of biodiversity and its ecological structure. A dated and well-resolved phylogenetic tree of Annonaceae was used to study diversification patterns in the family in order to identify factors that drive speciation and the evolution of morphological (key) characters. It was found that, except for Goniothalamus, the largest genera in the family are not the result of radiations. Furthermore, the difference in species numbers between subfamilies Annonoideae (former long branch clade) and Malmeoideae (former short branch clade) cannot be attributed to significant differences in the diversification rate. Most of the speciation in Annonaceae is not distinguishable from a random branching process (i.e. chance), and no special explanations are therefore necessary for the distribution of species richness across the major part of the phylogenetic tree for Annonaceae. Only for a small number of clades can key innovations be invoked to explain the elevated rate of diversification. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 117–134.10aadaptive radiation10arate shift10asister-group comparison10astochastic branching pattern10atemporal method10atopological method1 aErkens, Roy, H J1 aChatrou, Lars, W1 aCouvreur, Thomas, L. P.  uhttps://annonaceae.myspecies.info/node/505801001nas a2200229   4500008004100000020001400041245003700055210003700092260002900129300001000158490000800168520039000176653001900566653001300585653001300598100002800611700002000639700001900659700002200678700002300700856004800723       2012                        eng d  a1095-833900aKeys to the genera of Annonaceae0 aKeys to the genera of Annonaceae  bBlackwell Publishing Ltd  a74-830 v1693 aIdentification keys are provided for all genera currently recognized in Annonaceae. Separate keys are presented for the Neotropics (34 genera), Africa-Madagascar (40 genera) and Asia-Australasia (42 genera). These keys are based on a combination of vegetative and fertile characters. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 74–83.10aidentification10asynonymy10ataxonomy1 aCouvreur, Thomas, L. P.1 aMaas, Paul, J M1 aMeinke, Svenja1 aJohnson, David, M1 aKeßLer, Paul, J A  uhttps://annonaceae.myspecies.info/node/498003265nas a2200313   4500008004100000020001400041245012700055210006900182260002900251300001200280490000700292520225800299653003702557653002902594653002602623653001902649653001802668653001402686653002102700653001702721100002802738700002302766700002102789700002702810700002002837700002502857700002102882856004802903       2011                        eng d  a1365-269900aEarly evolutionary history of the flowering plant family Annonaceae: steady diversification and boreotropical geodispersal0 aEarly evolutionary history of the flowering plant family Annonac  bBlackwell Publishing Ltd  a664-6800 v383 aAbstract Aim  Rain forest-restricted plant families show disjunct distributions between the three major tropical regions: South America, Africa and Asia. Explaining these disjunctions has become an important challenge in biogeography. The pantropical plant family Annonaceae is used to test hypotheses that might explain diversification and distribution patterns in tropical biota: the museum hypothesis (low extinction leading to steady accumulation of species); and dispersal between Africa and Asia via Indian rafting versus boreotropical geodispersal. Location  Tropics and boreotropics. Methods  Molecular age estimates were calculated using a Bayesian approach based on 83% generic sampling representing all major lineages within the family, seven chloroplast markers and two fossil calibrations. An analysis of diversification was carried out, which included lineage-through-time (LTT) plots and the calculation of diversification rates for genera and major clades. Ancestral areas were reconstructed using a maximum likelihood approach that implements the dispersal–extinction–cladogenesis model. Results  The LTT plots indicated a constant overall rate of diversification with low extinction rates for the family during the first 80 Ma of its existence. The highest diversification rates were inferred for several young genera such as Desmopsis, Uvariopsis and Unonopsis. A boreotropical migration route was supported over Indian rafting as the best fitting hypothesis to explain present-day distribution patterns within the family. Main conclusions  Early diversification within Annonaceae fits the hypothesis of a museum model of tropical diversification, with an overall steady increase in lineages possibly due to low extinction rates. The present-day distribution of species within the two largest clades of Annonaceae is the result of two contrasting biogeographic histories. The ‘long-branch clade’ has been diversifying since the beginning of the Cenozoic and underwent numerous geodispersals via the boreotropics and several more recent long-distance dispersal events. In contrast, the ‘short-branch clade’ dispersed once into Asia via the boreotropics during the Early Miocene and further dispersal was limited.10aBiogeographic hypothesis testing10aboreotropical hypothesis10adiversification rates10aIndian rafting10aK/Pg boundary10aLTT plots10amolecular dating10amuseum model1 aCouvreur, Thomas, L. P.1 aPirie, Michael, D.1 aChatrou, Lars, W1 aSaunders, Richard, M K1 aSu, Yvonne, C F1 aRichardson, James, E1 aErkens, Roy, H J  uhttps://annonaceae.myspecies.info/node/498102393nas a2200301   4500008004100000020001400041245013700055210006900192260002900261300000900290490000800299520145500307653002001762653001601782653001601798653001101814100002101825700002301846700002101869700002801890700002001918700002301938700001901961700001701980700002701997700001902024856004802043       2012                        eng d  a1095-833900aA new subfamilial and tribal classification of the pantropical flowering plant family Annonaceae informed by molecular phylogenetics0 anew subfamilial and tribal classification of the pantropical flo  bBlackwell Publishing Ltd  a5-400 v1693 aThe pantropical flowering plant family Annonaceae is the most species-rich family of Magnoliales. Despite long-standing interest in the systematics of Annonaceae, no authoritative classification has yet been published in the light of recent molecular phylogenetic analyses. Here, using the largest, most representative, molecular dataset compiled on Annonaceae to date, we present, for the first time, a robust family-wide phylogenetic tree and subsequent classification. We used a supermatrix of up to eight plastid markers sequenced from 193 ingroup and seven outgroup species. Some of the relationships at lower taxonomic levels are poorly resolved, but deeper nodes generally receive high support. Annonaceae comprises four major clades, which are here given the taxonomic rank of subfamily. The description of Annonoideae is amended, and three new subfamilies are described: Anaxagoreoideae, Ambavioideae and Malmeoideae. In Annonoideae, seven tribes are recognized, one of which, Duguetieae, is described as new. In Malmeoideae, seven tribes are recognized, six of which are newly described: Dendrokingstonieae, Fenerivieae, Maasieae, Malmeeae, Monocarpieae and Piptostigmateae. This new subfamilial and tribal classification is discussed against the background of previous classifications and characters to recognize subfamilies are reviewed. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 5–40.10aplastid markers10asubfamilies10asupermatrix10atribes1 aChatrou, Lars, W1 aPirie, Michael, D.1 aErkens, Roy, H J1 aCouvreur, Thomas, L. P.1 aNeubig, Kurt, M1 aAbbott, Richard, J1 aMols, Johan, B1 aMaas, Jan, W1 aSaunders, Richard, M K1 aChase, Mark, W  uhttps://annonaceae.myspecies.info/node/4957