01954nas a2200205 4500008004100000022001400041245007900055210006900134300001400203490000800217520131000225653001801535653001501553653001401568100002801582700002801610700002001638700002101658856006901679 2014 eng d a1179-316300aGuatteria darienensis (Annonaceae), a new species from Panama and Colombia0 aGuatteria darienensis Annonaceae a new species from Panama and C a149–1560 v1733 aGuatteria Ruiz & Pavón (1794: 85) is the largest genus of Annonaceae with about 210 recognized species (Chatrou et al. 2012, Maas et al. 2011). It comprises small- to medium- sized trees, rarely canopy trees or shrubs, and only two species are lianas, Guatteria scandens Ducke (1925:10) and G. fractiflexa Maas & Westra (2008: 491; Erkens et al. 2008). It is widely distributed throughout Mesoamerica, the Caribbean, and tropical South America (Erkens & Maas 2008). Species of Guatteria are common members of Neotropical forests where they occupy a wide variety of habitats, such as lowland rain forests, gallery forests, semideciduous forests, coastal forests, inundated forests, savannas and montane forests (Erkens et al. 2007b). However, the highest species diversity is found in the Amazon Basin with approximately half of the species occurring there. Central America harbours ca. 30 species, mostly endemics (Erkens et al. 2008) of which ca. 20 species occur in Panama, a highly under-collected country with respect to Guatteria (Erkens et al. 2006). In the adjacent Colombian Chocó region, we found ca. ten endemic species, and to date, only two species, Guatteria aberrans Erkens & Maas (2006: 201) and the new species described in this paper, are restricted to Panama and northwestern Colombia.10aa new species10aAnnonaceae10aGuatteria1 aGuerrero, Susana, Arias1 aSanchez, Dario, Sanchez1 aMaas, Paul, J M1 aErkens, Roy, H J uhttps://www.biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/view/phytotaxa.173.2.501430nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245005900055210005900114260000800173300001200181490000800193520081200201100002001013700002601033700002101059700002101080700001801101700002301119700002101142856004901163 2019 eng d a1314-200300aTwelve new and exciting Annonaceae from the Neotropics0 aTwelve new and exciting Annonaceae from the Neotropics cjul a25–690 v1263 aAs a result of concerted efforts of the community of Annonaceae taxonomists, increasingly detailed knowledge of the diversity of the Neotropical genera has been documented. With the exception of just two large genera, Annona and Xylopia, all Neotropical Annonaceae have been revised within the last 25 years. Subsequent to these publications, many new specimens have been collected and sent to us in Leiden for identification. These included a number that, despite the advanced state of taxonomic knowledge, proved to represent rarely collected, undescribed species. Here we describe 12 new species of Annona, Guatteria, Klarobelia, Tetrameranthus, and Xylopia. These species serve to illustrate the still underestimated diversity of the Neotropical flora, even in well studied plant groups like Annonaceae.1 aMaas, Paul, J M1 aWestra, Lubbert Th, Y1 aChatrou, Lars, W1 aVerspagen, Nadja1 aRainer, Heimo1 aZamora, Nelson, A.1 aErkens, Roy, H J uhttps://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/33913/02890nas a2200205 4500008004100000245010700041210006900148260001600217490000600233520212600239100002802365700002802393700002402421700001902445700002302464700002302487700002002510700002102530856013302551 2019 eng d00aPhylogenomics of the Major Tropical Plant Family Annonaceae Using Targeted Enrichment of Nuclear Genes0 aPhylogenomics of the Major Tropical Plant Family Annonaceae Usin cSep-01-20190 v93 a

Targeted enrichment and sequencing of hundreds of nuclear loci for phylogenetic reconstruction is becoming an important tool for plant systematics and evolution. Annonaceae is a major pantropical plant family with 109 genera and ca. 2450 species, occurring across all major and minor tropical forests of the world. Baits were designed by sequencing the transcriptomes of five species from two of the largest Annonaceae subfamilies. Orthologous loci were identified. The resulting baiting kit was used to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships at two different levels using concatenated and gene tree approaches: a family wide Annonaceae analysis sampling 65 genera and a species level analysis of tribe Piptostigmateae sampling 29 species with multiple individuals per species. DNA extraction was undertaken mainly on silicagel dried leaves, with two samples from herbarium dried leaves. Our kit targets 469 exons (364,653 bp of sequence data), successfully capturing sequences from across Annonaceae. Silicagel dried and herbarium DNA worked equally well. We present for the first time a nuclear gene-based phylogenetic tree at the generic level based on 317 supercontigs. Results mainly confirm previous chloroplast based studies. However, several new relationships are found and discussed. We show significant differences in branch lengths between the two large subfamilies Annonoideae and Malmeoideae. A new tribe, Annickieae, is erected containing a single African genus Annickia. We also reconstructed a well resolved species-level phylogenetic tree of the Piptostigmteae tribe. Our baiting kit is useful for reconstructing well supported phylogenetic relationships within Annonaceae at different taxonomic levels. The nuclear genome is mainly concordant with plastome information with a few exceptions. Moreover, we find that substitution rate heterogeneity between the two subfamilies is also found within the nuclear compartment, and not just plastomes and ribosomal DNA as previously shown. Our results have implications for understanding the biogeography, molecular dating and evolution of Annonaceae.

1 aCouvreur, Thomas, L. P.1 aHelmstetter, Andrew, J.1 aKoenen, Erik, J. M.1 aBethune, Kevin1 aBrandão, Rita, D.1 aLittle, Stefan, A.1 aSauquet, Hervé1 aErkens, Roy, H J uhttps://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01941/fullhttps://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01941/full01302nas a2200193 4500008004100000020001400041245009000055210006900145260002900214300001200243490000700255520068600262100002000948700002900968700001800997700002401015700002101039856004801060 2011 eng d a1756-105100aAn updated index to genera, species, and infraspecific taxa of Neotropical Annonaceae0 aupdated index to genera species and infraspecific taxa of Neotro bBlackwell Publishing Ltd a257-3560 v293 aAnnonaceae form the most diverse family within the Magnoliales. In 1990 an Index to generic names of Annonaceae was published and in 1994 an Index to Neotropical species of Annonaceae was compiled. Especially the latter proved an immensely useful tool for Neotropical botanists. Here, we present an updated Index of all valid names in Neotropical Annonaceae on the genus and species level. It also includes nomina nuda and orthographic variants. Reference and year of first publication, synonymy, and typification are mentioned. Several new combinations are made. In addition, some lectotypifications are proposed. A supplementary list is added of all Neotropical type collections.1 aMaas, Paul, J M1 aWestra, Lubbert, Y. T.h.1 aRainer, Heimo1 aLobão, Adriana, Q.1 aErkens, Roy, H J uhttps://annonaceae.myspecies.info/node/529102165nas a2200241 4500008004100000020001400041245010200055210006900157260002900226300001200255490000800267520138800275653002301663653001501686653002801701653003301729653002001762653002301782100002101805700002101826700002801847856004801875 2012 eng d a1095-833900aRadiations and key innovations in an early branching angiosperm lineage (Annonaceae; Magnoliales)0 aRadiations and key innovations in an early branching angiosperm  bBlackwell Publishing Ltd a117-1340 v1693 aBiologists are fascinated by species-rich groups and have attempted to discover the causes for their abundant diversification. Comprehension of the causes and mechanisms underpinning radiations and detection of their frequency will contribute greatly to the understanding of the evolutionary origin of biodiversity and its ecological structure. A dated and well-resolved phylogenetic tree of Annonaceae was used to study diversification patterns in the family in order to identify factors that drive speciation and the evolution of morphological (key) characters. It was found that, except for Goniothalamus, the largest genera in the family are not the result of radiations. Furthermore, the difference in species numbers between subfamilies Annonoideae (former long branch clade) and Malmeoideae (former short branch clade) cannot be attributed to significant differences in the diversification rate. Most of the speciation in Annonaceae is not distinguishable from a random branching process (i.e. chance), and no special explanations are therefore necessary for the distribution of species richness across the major part of the phylogenetic tree for Annonaceae. Only for a small number of clades can key innovations be invoked to explain the elevated rate of diversification. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 117–134.10aadaptive radiation10arate shift10asister-group comparison10astochastic branching pattern10atemporal method10atopological method1 aErkens, Roy, H J1 aChatrou, Lars, W1 aCouvreur, Thomas, L. P. uhttps://annonaceae.myspecies.info/node/505802158nas a2200241 4500008004100000245013100041210006900172300001200241490000700253520140000260653001501660653001401675653001401689653001501703653002101718653002601739100002101765700002101786700001701807700002001824700002401844856004801868 2007 eng d00aA rapid diversification of rainforest trees (Guatteria; Annonaceae) following dispersal from Central into South America0 arapid diversification of rainforest trees iGuatteriai Annonaceae a399-4110 v443 aSeveral recent studies have suggested that a substantial portion of today's plant diversity in the Neotropics has resulted from the dispersal of taxa into that region rather than vicariance, but more data are needed to substantiate this claim. Guatteria (Annonaceae) is, with 265 species, the third largest genus of Neotropical trees after Inga (Fabaceae) and Ocotea (Lauraceae), and its widespread distribution and frequent occurrence makes the genus an excellent model taxon to study diversification patterns. This study reconstructed the phylogeny of Guatteria and inferred three major biogeographical events in the history of the genus: (1) a trans-oceanic Miocene migration from Central into South America before the closing of the Isthmus of Panama; (2) a major diversification of the lineage within South America; and (3) several migrations of South American lineages back into Central America via the closed Panamanian land bridge. Therefore, Guatteria is not an Amazonian centred-genus sensu Gentry but a major Miocene diversification that followed its dispersal into South America. This study provides further evidence that migration into the Neotropics was an important factor in the historical assembly of its biodiversity. Furthermore, it is shown that phylogenetic patterns are comparable to those found in Ocotea and Inga and that a closer comparison of these genera is desirable.10aAnnonaceae10aDispersal10aGuatteria10aNeotropics10aRainforest trees10aRapid diversification1 aErkens, Roy, H J1 aChatrou, Lars, W1 aMaas, Jan, W1 aNiet, Timotheus1 aSavolainen, Vincent uhttps://annonaceae.myspecies.info/node/506000463nas a2200133 4500008004100000245008100041210006900122300001200191490000700203100002100210700003000231700002000261856004800281 2008 eng d00aIncreasing diversity in the species-rich genus Guatteria (Annonaceae)0 aIncreasing diversity in the speciesrich genus iGuatteria iAnnona a467-5140 v531 aErkens, Roy, H J1 aWestra, Lubbert, Y. T. H.1 aMaas, Paul, J M uhttps://annonaceae.myspecies.info/node/506503265nas a2200313 4500008004100000020001400041245012700055210006900182260002900251300001200280490000700292520225800299653003702557653002902594653002602623653001902649653001802668653001402686653002102700653001702721100002802738700002302766700002102789700002702810700002002837700002502857700002102882856004802903 2011 eng d a1365-269900aEarly evolutionary history of the flowering plant family Annonaceae: steady diversification and boreotropical geodispersal0 aEarly evolutionary history of the flowering plant family Annonac bBlackwell Publishing Ltd a664-6800 v383 aAbstract Aim  Rain forest-restricted plant families show disjunct distributions between the three major tropical regions: South America, Africa and Asia. Explaining these disjunctions has become an important challenge in biogeography. The pantropical plant family Annonaceae is used to test hypotheses that might explain diversification and distribution patterns in tropical biota: the museum hypothesis (low extinction leading to steady accumulation of species); and dispersal between Africa and Asia via Indian rafting versus boreotropical geodispersal. Location  Tropics and boreotropics. Methods  Molecular age estimates were calculated using a Bayesian approach based on 83% generic sampling representing all major lineages within the family, seven chloroplast markers and two fossil calibrations. An analysis of diversification was carried out, which included lineage-through-time (LTT) plots and the calculation of diversification rates for genera and major clades. Ancestral areas were reconstructed using a maximum likelihood approach that implements the dispersal–extinction–cladogenesis model. Results  The LTT plots indicated a constant overall rate of diversification with low extinction rates for the family during the first 80 Ma of its existence. The highest diversification rates were inferred for several young genera such as Desmopsis, Uvariopsis and Unonopsis. A boreotropical migration route was supported over Indian rafting as the best fitting hypothesis to explain present-day distribution patterns within the family. Main conclusions  Early diversification within Annonaceae fits the hypothesis of a museum model of tropical diversification, with an overall steady increase in lineages possibly due to low extinction rates. The present-day distribution of species within the two largest clades of Annonaceae is the result of two contrasting biogeographic histories. The ‘long-branch clade’ has been diversifying since the beginning of the Cenozoic and underwent numerous geodispersals via the boreotropics and several more recent long-distance dispersal events. In contrast, the ‘short-branch clade’ dispersed once into Asia via the boreotropics during the Early Miocene and further dispersal was limited.10aBiogeographic hypothesis testing10aboreotropical hypothesis10adiversification rates10aIndian rafting10aK/Pg boundary10aLTT plots10amolecular dating10amuseum model1 aCouvreur, Thomas, L. P.1 aPirie, Michael, D.1 aChatrou, Lars, W1 aSaunders, Richard, M K1 aSu, Yvonne, C F1 aRichardson, James, E1 aErkens, Roy, H J uhttps://annonaceae.myspecies.info/node/498100516nas a2200181 4500008004100000020001400041245003800055210003400093260002900127300000800156490000800164100002100172700002100193700002500214700002700239700002000266856004800286 2012 eng d a1095-833900aThe natural history of Annonaceae0 anatural history of Annonaceae bBlackwell Publishing Ltd a1-40 v1691 aChatrou, Lars, W1 aErkens, Roy, H J1 aRichardson, James, E1 aSaunders, Richard, M K1 aFay, Michael, F uhttps://annonaceae.myspecies.info/node/495202393nas a2200301 4500008004100000020001400041245013700055210006900192260002900261300000900290490000800299520145500307653002001762653001601782653001601798653001101814100002101825700002301846700002101869700002801890700002001918700002301938700001901961700001701980700002701997700001902024856004802043 2012 eng d a1095-833900aA new subfamilial and tribal classification of the pantropical flowering plant family Annonaceae informed by molecular phylogenetics0 anew subfamilial and tribal classification of the pantropical flo bBlackwell Publishing Ltd a5-400 v1693 aThe pantropical flowering plant family Annonaceae is the most species-rich family of Magnoliales. Despite long-standing interest in the systematics of Annonaceae, no authoritative classification has yet been published in the light of recent molecular phylogenetic analyses. Here, using the largest, most representative, molecular dataset compiled on Annonaceae to date, we present, for the first time, a robust family-wide phylogenetic tree and subsequent classification. We used a supermatrix of up to eight plastid markers sequenced from 193 ingroup and seven outgroup species. Some of the relationships at lower taxonomic levels are poorly resolved, but deeper nodes generally receive high support. Annonaceae comprises four major clades, which are here given the taxonomic rank of subfamily. The description of Annonoideae is amended, and three new subfamilies are described: Anaxagoreoideae, Ambavioideae and Malmeoideae. In Annonoideae, seven tribes are recognized, one of which, Duguetieae, is described as new. In Malmeoideae, seven tribes are recognized, six of which are newly described: Dendrokingstonieae, Fenerivieae, Maasieae, Malmeeae, Monocarpieae and Piptostigmateae. This new subfamilial and tribal classification is discussed against the background of previous classifications and characters to recognize subfamilies are reviewed. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 5–40.10aplastid markers10asubfamilies10asupermatrix10atribes1 aChatrou, Lars, W1 aPirie, Michael, D.1 aErkens, Roy, H J1 aCouvreur, Thomas, L. P.1 aNeubig, Kurt, M1 aAbbott, Richard, J1 aMols, Johan, B1 aMaas, Jan, W1 aSaunders, Richard, M K1 aChase, Mark, W uhttps://annonaceae.myspecies.info/node/495702191nas a2200241 4500008004100000020001400041245010200055210006900157260002900226300001200255490000800267520140900275653002301684653001501707653002801722653003301750653002001783653002301803100002101826700002101847700002601868856005501894 2012 eng d a1095-833900aRadiations and key innovations in an early branching angiosperm lineage (Annonaceae; Magnoliales)0 aRadiations and key innovations in an early branching angiosperm  bBlackwell Publishing Ltd a117-1340 v1693 a

Biologists are fascinated by species-rich groups and have attempted to discover the causes for their abundant diversification. Comprehension of the causes and mechanisms underpinning radiations and detection of their frequency will contribute greatly to the understanding of the evolutionary origin of biodiversity and its ecological structure. A dated and well-resolved phylogenetic tree of Annonaceae was used to study diversification patterns in the family in order to identify factors that drive speciation and the evolution of morphological (key) characters. It was found that, except for Goniothalamus, the largest genera in the family are not the result of radiations. Furthermore, the difference in species numbers between subfamilies Annonoideae (former long branch clade) and Malmeoideae (former short branch clade) cannot be attributed to significant differences in the diversification rate. Most of the speciation in Annonaceae is not distinguishable from a random branching process (i.e. chance), and no special explanations are therefore necessary for the distribution of species richness across the major part of the phylogenetic tree for Annonaceae. Only for a small number of clades can key innovations be invoked to explain the elevated rate of diversification. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 117–134.

10aadaptive radiation10arate shift10asister-group comparison10astochastic branching pattern10atemporal method10atopological method1 aErkens, Roy, H J1 aChatrou, Lars, W1 aCouvreur, Thomas, L P uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2012.01223.x01914nas a2200217 4500008004100000020001400041245005100055210004900106260002900155300001000184490000800194520129000202653001801492653001301510653002501523653002501548100002101573700002101594700002601615856005501641 2012 eng d a1095-833900aA concise bibliographic overview of Annonaceae0 aconcise bibliographic overview of Annonaceae bBlackwell Publishing Ltd a41-730 v1693 aIt is important that taxonomic knowledge is disseminated by those who possess it. This can be carried out via online databases, printed publications or training in taxonomic practice. For Annonaceae, the online database AnnonBase includes all published names of Annonaceae at any rank worldwide. Recently, an updated index to genera, species and infraspecific taxa of Neotropical Annonaceae was published in hard copy. This manuscript contains a concise update to the Bibliography of Annonaceae published by the late E. A. Mennega in 1993. Since his publication, much work has been carried out on systematics and evolution of Annonaceae, with the advent of molecular phylogenetics providing an additional stimulus. Here, however, we concentrate only on taxonomic papers focusing specifically on the description and circumscription of taxa (e.g. revisions, monographs, floras, checklists, descriptions of new species or phylogenetic studies that show monophyly/polyphyly/paraphyly of genera). The index should provide an easy entrance into the most important taxonomic literature on Annonaceae from 1900 onwards for the trained and untrained taxonomist with an interest in Annonaceae. © 2012 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2012, 169, 41–73.10adissemination10aoutreach10ataxonomic impediment10ataxonomic literature1 aErkens, Roy, H J1 aMennega, Erik, A1 aWestra, Lubbert Th, Y uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2012.01232.x00570nas a2200145 4500008004100000020001400041245015900055210006900214300001400283490000700297100002100304700001800325700002600343856005500369 2009 eng d a1365-269900aFrom Africa via Europe to South America: migrational route of a species-rich genus of Neotropical lowland rain forest trees (Guatteria, Annonaceae)0 aFrom Africa via Europe to South America migrational route of a s a2338-23520 v361 aErkens, Roy, H J1 aMaas, Jan., W1 aCouvreur, Thomas, L P uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2699.2009.02162.x02224nas a2200241 4500008004100000245013100041210006900172300001200241490000700253520141300260653001501673653001401688653001401702653001501716653002101731653002601752100002101778700002101799700001701820700002001837700002401857856010101881 2007 eng d00aA rapid diversification of rainforest trees (Guatteria; Annonaceae) following dispersal from Central into South America0 arapid diversification of rainforest trees iGuatteriai Annonaceae a399-4110 v443 a

Several recent studies have suggested that a substantial portion of today's plant diversity in the Neotropics has resulted from the dispersal of taxa into that region rather than vicariance, but more data are needed to substantiate this claim. Guatteria (Annonaceae) is, with 265 species, the third largest genus of Neotropical trees after Inga (Fabaceae) and Ocotea (Lauraceae), and its widespread distribution and frequent occurrence makes the genus an excellent model taxon to study diversification patterns. This study reconstructed the phylogeny of Guatteria and inferred three major biogeographical events in the history of the genus: (1) a trans-oceanic Miocene migration from Central into South America before the closing of the Isthmus of Panama; (2) a major diversification of the lineage within South America; and (3) several migrations of South American lineages back into Central America via the closed Panamanian land bridge. Therefore, Guatteria is not an Amazonian centred-genus sensu Gentry but a major Miocene diversification that followed its dispersal into South America. This study provides further evidence that migration into the Neotropics was an important factor in the historical assembly of its biodiversity. Furthermore, it is shown that phylogenetic patterns are comparable to those found in Ocotea and Inga and that a closer comparison of these genera is desirable.

10aAnnonaceae10aDispersal10aGuatteria10aNeotropics10aRainforest trees10aRapid diversification1 aErkens, Roy, H J1 aChatrou, Lars, W1 aMaas, Jan, W1 aNiet, Timotheus1 aSavolainen, Vincent uhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6WNH-4N4J30W-1/2/53ce435f1fe55962b5e1cbbeb334aa50